Noun clause adalah clause yang
difungsikan sebagai noun. Noun clause dalam kalimat pada umumnya digunakan
sebagai subject dan object kalimat.
A. Noun Clauses diawali dengan
Question words
Dalam How to Address Questions
sudah dibahas tentang penggunaan kata tanya baik dalam membuat information
questionsmaupun dalam membuat embedded
questions. Embedded questions tersebut adalah noun clause.
Dalam section ini diberikan contoh tambahan untuk merefresh memori anda.
1. Single question words.
1. Where she is
now is still unknown.
2. When they
arrive is still uncertain.
3. I know what
you did last summer and I still know what you did last summer are
two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt.
Perhatikan: dalam kalimat ini,
noun clause what you did last summer menjadi object dari I
know dan I still know, dan setelah digabung dengan: are
two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt, menjadi subject majemuk
dari kalimat.
Noun clause dapat ditempatkan
diawal kalimat (sebagai subject) atau sebagai object. Jika anda ingin merubah
posisi noun clause dari subject kalimat menjadi object kalimat, biasanya
dibutuhkan pronoun it atau sedikit modifikasi kata. Contoh di atas menjadi:
1.
It is still
unknown where she is now.
2.
Do you know when
they arrive?
3.
Two Hollywood
movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt are I know what you did last summer and I
still know what you did last summer. Karena merupakan judul movies, noun clause what
you did last summer tidak perlu diputar posisinya.
Note:
a) Clause yang diawali oleh
question words tertentu (i.e. when, whenever, where) juga dapat berfungsi
sebagai adverbial clause.
1. I was reading
a book when the phone rang.
2. I went to where
I and my ex girlfriend had been last weekend.
3. I suddenly
get nausea whenever I see his face. (nausea = mual/mau muntah).
b). Clause yang diawali oleh
question words tertentu (i.e. who, whom, whose + noun) juga dapat berfungsi
sebagai adjective clause. Dalam hal ini, kata tanya tersebut sebenarnya adalah
relative pronoun. Well, jangan terlalu dipusingkan dengan istilah. Yang penting
anda mengerti pola/struktur kalimatnya. Tapi, jika anda penasaran, silakan baca
topic adjective clauses.
1. I think you whom
Mr. Dodi was looking for. (Saya kira kamu (orang) yang pak Dodi sedang
cari-cari tadi).
2. Mr. Dodi, who
is a teacher, was looking for you at school.
3. Rommy, whose
book was stolen last week, just bought another new book yesterday.
2. Question words + ever/soever
Kecuali how, diakhir
question words dapat ditambahkan ever atau soever menjadi
whenever = whensoever, whatever= whatsoever, dan seterusnya. Arti ever atau soever di
sini sama, yaitu saja/pun, tinggal dikombinasikan dengan kata tanya
di depannya. Sedangkan, how+ever menjadi however (i.e. adverb
atau juga disebut kata transisi yang berarti namun/walapun demikian) tidak
termasuk dalam katagori ini.
1.
We will accept whatever
you want us to do. (Kami akan menerima/melakukan apa saja yang kamu ingin kami
lakukan).
2.
Whoever can melt
her feeling is a very lucky guy. (melt = meluluhkan). Be careful: guy
(dibaca gae)= laki-laki, sedangkan gay (dibaca gei) = fag = homo.
3. She has
agreed to wherever the man would bring her. (Dia telah setuju
kemanapun pria itu membawanya pergi). Note: in speaking (informal), preposition
(dalam hal ini to, etc.) biasanya diletakkan di ujung kalimat. She
has agreed wherever the man would bring her to.
3. Question words + nouns
Question words + nouns yang
sering digunakan antara lain: what time (jam berapa), what day (hari apa), what
time (jam berapa), what kind (jenis apa), what type (tipe apa), whose + nouns
(i.e. whose car, whose book, ect.), dan seterusnya.
1.
I can’t remember what
day we will take the exam.
2.
As long as I am
faithful, she doesn’t care what type of family I come from. (faithful =
setia).
3.
Do you know what
time it is?
4. I don’t know whose car is parked in
front of my house.
4. Question words + adjectives
Question words + adjectives yang
sering digunakan antara lain: how long (berapa panjang/lama), how far (berapa
jauh), how old (berapa tua/umur), ect.
1.
Man! She still
looks young. Do you know how old she actually is?
2.
I am lost. Could
you tell me how far it is from here to the post office?
3. What a jerk. He didn’t even ask how
long I had been waiting for him.
5. Question words + determiners.
Question words + determiners yang
sering digunakan adalah: how many (berapa banyak) dan how much (berapa
banyak). Remember: how many diikuti oleh plural nouns, sedangkan how much
diikuti oleh uncountable nouns.
1.
Is there any
correlation between how good he or she is in English and how many books he
or she has?
2. How much your English skill will
improve is determined by how hard you practice.
6. Question words + adverbs.
Question words + adverbs yang
sering digunakan adalah: how often (berapa sering), how many times (berapa
kali) ect.
1.
No matter how
often I practice, my English still sucks. (Tidak memandang berapa kali saya
latihan, bahasa Inggris saya masih jelek). Suck (informal verb) = jelek/tidak
baik; arti suck yang lain: mengisap.
2. I don’t want
my parents to know how many times I have left school early. (leave school
early = bolos).
7. Question words + infinitives.
Jika question words langsung
diikuti oleh infinitives,
invinitives tersebut mengandung makna should atau can/could.
Perhatikan bahwa subject setelah question words dihilangkan.
1.
She didn’t know what
to do = She didn’t know what she should do. (Dia tidak tahu apa yang
seharusnya dia lakukan).
2.
Please tell me how
to get the train station from here = Please tell me how I can get the
train station from here.
3.
We haven’t
decided when to go to the beach = We haven’t decided when we
should go to the beach.
4.
Marry told us where
to find her = Marry told us where we could find her.
B. Noun clauses diawali dengan
whether/if
Whether bisa diikuti oleh OR/NOT
bisa juga tidak; makna kalimat biasanya sama walaupun OR/NOT tidak disebutkan
(ini tergantung konteks kalimat). Untuk penggunaan if, selain telah
dibahas di topic conjunctions,
juga telah dibahas di topic conditionals.
Note: whether pelafalannya sama dengan weather (cuaca), tulisannya juga mirip.
Be careful, jangan sampai tertukar.
1.
I am not sure whether
she is coming or not = I am not sure whether or not she is coming =
I am not sure whether she is coming. (Saya tidak yakin apakah dia
akan datang atau tidak).
2.
We can’t decide whether
we should go out or stay home. = We can’t decide whether to go or (to)
stay home. Perhatikan, infinitives juga dapat digunakan setelah whether.
3.
I am not sure
whether I should take economics or law after I graduate from high school. (Saya
tidak yakin apakah saya harus ngambil Ekonomi atau Hukum setelah lulus SMA
nanti).
4.
If you take
economics, I will take economics. On the other hand, if you take law, I will
take law too.
C. Noun clauses diawali dengan
that/the fact that
Di sini that berarti bahwa,
sedangkan the fact that berarti fakta bahwa.
Sedangkan, that dalam adjective clauses berarti yang.
1.
That she has had
a PhD degree at the age of 20 surprises a lot of people = It surprises a
lot of people that she has had a PhD degree at the age of 20.
2.
It is the
fact that the world is round = the fact that the world is round is
well known.
3.
It was obvious that
she was very sick = The fact that she was very sick was obvious.
4.
It seems that it
is going to rain soon.
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